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The Taxman: Dr. Zacch Adedeji at 48 — His Revolution for Nigerian Taxes

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By Seun Oloketuyi

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At 48, Dr. Zacch Adedeji stands at the centre of one of the most consequential reforms in Nigeria’s economic history. Calm, methodical, and unapologetically reform-minded, Adedeji has earned the moniker “The Taxman” not through rhetoric, but through action — by leading a sweeping transformation of Nigeria’s tax system designed to make it fairer, broader, more efficient, and fit for a modern economy.

In a country long dependent on oil revenues and burdened by a fragmented tax structure, Adedeji’s work represents a decisive break from the past.

Rewriting the Architecture of Taxation

Under President Bola Ahmed Tinubu’s administration, Nigeria enacted a landmark set of tax reform laws that fundamentally altered the nation’s revenue framework. Central to this reform was the replacement of the Federal Inland Revenue Service (FIRS) with the Nigeria Revenue Service (NRS)  not merely a change of name, but a redefinition of mandate, structure, and philosophy.

The reforms harmonised previously overlapping tax laws, streamlined administration across federal and sub-national levels, and created a single, modern revenue authority with clearer powers and stronger accountability. For decades, Nigeria’s tax system had been characterised by complexity, inefficiency, and duplication. Adedeji’s reforms sought to eliminate these bottlenecks and build a system capable of supporting long-term national development.

From Tax Burden to Tax Fairness

A defining feature of Adedeji’s revolution is its emphasis on fair taxation. Rather than increasing tax rates, the reforms focused on correcting structural injustice within the system.

One of the most significant interventions was the removal of VAT from essential goods and services, including food, healthcare, education, and accommodation. This move directly addressed the cost of living pressures faced by ordinary Nigerians and signalled a shift from revenue extraction to social sensitivity.

At the same time, multiple nuisance taxes and overlapping levies were eliminated, reducing the burden on businesses  especially small and medium-scale enterprises that form the backbone of the Nigerian economy. By broadening the tax base instead of raising rates, the reforms aimed to ensure that more people participate in the system without punishing productivity.

Digitalising Revenue, Blocking Leakages

Adedeji’s tax revolution is also a technology-driven one. Under his leadership, Nigeria’s revenue administration has embraced digital transformation as a tool for transparency, efficiency, and enforcement.

New systems for e-invoicing, improved taxpayer identification, data integration, and intelligence-led compliance have strengthened the government’s ability to track revenue and curb evasion. These measures have reduced human interference, limited corruption opportunities, and improved the ease of compliance for taxpayers.

International partnerships, including technical cooperation with advanced tax authorities, have further strengthened institutional capacity positioning Nigeria’s tax administration among the most forward-looking in Africa.

People-Centred Reform, Not Just Numbers

Unlike traditional fiscal reforms focused solely on revenue figures, Adedeji’s approach places the citizen at the centre. Low-income earners have been shielded through personal income tax exemptions, while simplified payment channels  including digital and mobile platforms  have made compliance more accessible.

For small businesses, artisans, and informal sector participants, the reforms represent a shift from fear and harassment to clarity and inclusion. The message is clear: taxation should be understandable, predictable, and fair  not punitive.

A Long-Term Vision for National Stability

Adedeji has consistently emphasised that tax reform is not an overnight fix. The full stabilisation and optimisation of the new system, he argues, will take years of disciplined implementation. This long-term outlook reflects a commitment to sustainability rather than short-term political wins.

If successfully executed, the reforms are expected to significantly improve Nigeria’s tax-to-GDP ratio, reduce dependence on volatile oil revenues, and provide government with predictable funding for infrastructure, healthcare, education, and social services.
A Legacy Taking Shape

At 48, Dr. Zacch Adedeji is not merely administering taxes  he is redefining Nigeria’s fiscal future. By transforming revenue collection from a fragmented, mistrusted system into a unified, modern institution, he has laid the groundwork for a more resilient and inclusive economy.

History will judge the full impact of these reforms in the years to come. But already, one fact is undeniable: Nigeria’s tax conversation has changed. And at the heart of that change stands The Taxman  a reformer whose revolution is reshaping how a nation funds its future.

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Bolawole Questions Nigeria’s Democratic Future

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Bola Bolawole questions Nigeria’s democratic future, citing poverty, illiteracy, corruption and political rivalry as obstacles to credible elections

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Why Nigeria needs the All-Nigeria Rotary Peace Summit

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 The All-Nigeria Rotary Peace Summit will examine how good governance, justice and equity can help Nigeria build lasting peace

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Convocating a Galaxy of Stars in a Troubled World

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The above title is a combination of the theme of the 5th convocation ceremony of Trinity University, Yaba, Lagos, and the title of its convocation lecture delivered by Professor Bode Ayorinde. The Vice-Chancellor, Professor Clement Olusegun O. Kolawole, had kicked off the convocation activities on Monday, 12 October 2026, with a press conference, followed by other week-long activities which included the presentation of its Nursing Science and Medical Laboratory Science graduates for induction into the Nursing and Midwifery Council of Nigeria and the Medical Laboratory Science Council of Nigeria respectively.

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From a private university that started with just nine pioneering students in 2019, Trinity University graduated a total of 323 students across various disciplines penultimate week, with 79 of them achieving First Class honours, two of whom got a perfect 5.0 Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA).

I wish every graduating student from Nigerian universities — private as well as public — had the opportunity to listen to Ayorinde’s convocation lecture titled “Navigating the Troubled World: Understanding the World, Confronting Its Troubles, and Equipping the Next Generation for Survival and Significance”, which was delivered on Thursday, 15 October 2026. A one-time member of the House of Representatives, Ayorinde is the Pro-Chancellor and Chairman of Council of Achievers University, Owo, Ondo State.

He started by saying he chose the word “navigating” deliberately because “a navigator does not simply react to events but studies the terrain, knows the direction of travel, spots the dangers, chooses a route, adjusts as conditions change, and keeps the destination in view.” According to him, the navigator must learn to “navigate a world of extraordinary opportunities and formidable challenges. It is a world of great scientific achievements and of persistent human suffering. Information is abundant, yet truth and wisdom are scarce. Communication has become instant but human beings have not necessarily become more understanding.”

To successfully make this journey, Ayorinde counselled that we must learn not to lose faith, integrity and sense of purpose. “The world is not merely a troubled place to be endured. It is a complex human environment to be understood, navigated and, where possible, transformed. Its troubles come from human choices, failing institutions, economic pressure, technological disruption, damage to the environment and spiritual disorientation.

They differ from country to country, from one person to another, and from one state to the next. Here in Nigeria, we face serious problems of security and welfare, and the opportunities for survival, let alone prosperity, are limited.” Hearing these, I sighed!

Our World Is Complex

Ayorinde then admonished that as graduates of a Christian university, their task is threefold. “First, to understand the world as it is. Second, to develop the competence and character to survive in it. Third, to use your education and faith to make it better.” He therefore built his lecture around three questions: What is the world we live in made of? What has made it troubled? How can we navigate this world and still shine?

Ayorinde divided the world into the physical and natural world (made up of land, water, air, forests, minerals, oceans, plants, animals, and the ecosystems which sustain life and which we depend on for food, shelter, energy, medicine, transport and industry); the human world or “the world of people”, as he called it; the political and institutional world (made up of governments, constitutions, courts, legislatures, regulatory authorities, international and business organisations — all of which are the bodies through which society exercises authority); and the economic and financial world (responsible for the production of goods and services, trade, employment and investment, together with banking, insurance, taxation, public finance and the distribution of resources — which all of us take part in, whether as workers, entrepreneurs or consumers).

He then charged the graduates that “understanding the economic world is essential. A degree gives you academic knowledge but financial literacy teaches you how to earn, save and invest.”

The other “worlds” that he listed include the scientific and technological world, and the question for the fresh graduates, he said, “is not whether technology will affect your life. It will. The question is whether you will understand it well enough to benefit from it and to manage its risks”; the cultural and moral world or the “world of values” where the role of education is not only to sharpen the intellect but also to “free the mind and equip the learner to weigh the values of the world around them before making choices”; and the international and interconnected world where, whereas nations are “separated by oceans and man-made barriers… yet nations are bound together by trade, finance, migration, technology, diplomacy, security arrangements and environmental systems. No nation lives in complete isolation.”

In clear reference to the Strait of Hormuz debacle, Ayorinde said “a conflict thousands of kilometres away can change the price of fuel in Nigeria.” While an interconnected world “creates room for cooperation and prosperity, it also lets shocks cross borders quickly”; as a result of which he counselled that we need to “understand the world beyond our immediate surroundings.”

Finally, he spoke of the spiritual world and described human beings as “moral and spiritual beings searching for identity, belonging and purpose in the world we live in… Rightly understood, spirituality does not pull us away from the problems of society. It strengthens our resolve to face them.”

Ayorinde then described the world in which we live as troubled, but added that this is nothing new. “Every generation has faced wars, whether local, national, regional or global, as well as disease, economic hardship, social tension and uncertainty. What sets our time apart is the speed, scale and interconnectivity of many of these challenges.”

Wars, geo-political rivalries and insecurity; poverty, unemployment and economic insecurity; inflation, indebtedness and rising cost of living; climate change and environmental degradation; misinformation, social division and the crisis of truth; loneliness, mental pressure and the crisis of meaning; the crisis of values and loss of purpose; and the crisis of drug abuse were some of the other “troubles” of our world that Ayorinde painted in a picture that troubles the soul.

Describing the rate of drug abuse, particularly among our youth, as “sobering”, he said the country’s first national drug use survey carried out in 2018 with the support of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime “found that 14.4 per cent of Nigerians aged 15 to 64 had used a psychoactive substance other than alcohol and tobacco in the previous year.” That, I dare to say, must be stale news! The figures must be far higher by now. He then advised that the National Drug Law Enforcement Agency be invited to talk to students on the adverse effects of drug abuse.

Adding Value to Degrees and Certificates

Ayorinde admonished that whereas university degrees remain valuable, they may no longer be enough.

“You must understand the community, the state, the country and the world in which you intend to live and prosper.” So the question for a university graduate is not just “Where can I find a job?” but “What problem can I solve? What value can I create? What can I contribute to national development?” You must also accept this basic fact that despite all the challenges the world faces, honest people still survive, and they go beyond survival to achieve significance.

So today’s graduating students should endeavour to anchor their lives in enduring values, be financially literate, use technology with judgement, look after themselves (health is wealth), expect disappointments and setbacks (tough times never last but tough people do), stay honest under pressure, live for others, and work hard. While Ayorinde stressed survival instincts, he insisted that this should not be seen as the ultimate. “We should aspire to be significant,” he added.

“The future is not shaped only by presidents, governors, chief executives or global institutions. It is also shaped by the decisions of ordinary people who choose to act responsibly. You may not all become famous. You may not all hold public office, build large businesses or become wealthy. But every one of you can become a person of integrity, competence and positive influence, and that is a worthy ambition.”

Yes, it is! You can guess that I thoroughly enjoyed the lecture, the opportunity cost of which was foregoing some other equally important engagements.

Appeal to the FG

The convocation ceremony took place the next day, Friday, 16 October 2026. In attendance were the university’s Chancellor, Dr Samuel Adedoyin, OFR, and his wife; Pro-Chancellor and Chairman of Council, Pastor Samuel O. Olatunji; the Executive Secretary of the National Universities Commission (NUC) was represented; members of the Board of Trustees and of the Governing Council; the Vice-Chancellor and principal officers of the university, Senate members, representatives of sister institutions, staff, students and invited guests.

In his address, the Vice-Chancellor explained why the university was holding two convocation ceremonies within one year. “The Governing Council of the university approved management’s recommendation to bring the convocation ceremony… near the calendar year that the students conclude their programmes of study and, thus, release them for the mandatory national youth service, their admission into foreign universities, which take them far and near, and prevent a situation where only a few of the students concerned show up, particularly after they have participated enthusiastically in their professional induction ceremonies, which usually take place before the convocation ceremony itself.”

Congratulating the graduating students, Kolawole said they had been found worthy of both learning and character, warning that no one who falls short in any of the two would be awarded the university’s honours.

The university has come a long way, he said, reeling out achievements which include increased staffing, additional classrooms, laboratories, offices and hostel facilities. “The Governing Council approved the promotion of Dr Christiana Modupe-Ade Adetunji to the rank of Professor, the first in the history of the university. In addition, five other academic members of staff are currently being processed for elevation to the professorial rank, and we trust that the process will be completed soon.”

Kolawole also disclosed that three academic programmes have been added to the programmes on offer in the university; all courses are accredited by the relevant professional bodies; the Senate of the university also recently approved the establishment of another Faculty to increase the number to four. The university has also taken interest in ensuring that its students have skills that can help them to be gainfully employed when they graduate, thereby making skills acquisition a compulsory part of its curriculum.

Kolawole did not end his speech before appealing to the Federal Government to allow “students in private universities and institutions… to benefit from the innovative financial support that those in public institutions enjoy under NELFUND. Similarly, private institutions and their workforce should also benefit from the support of TETFund because they are Nigerians who should not be discriminated against simply because they are studying or working in private institutions.”

Well said!

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